giovedì 30 gennaio 2014

Frasi chiavi per la lingua inglese. Decima Serie: Phrasal Verbs. Advanced

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Sommario: 1. Phrasal verbs: a definition. -  2. Grammar of phrasal verbs. - 3. Phrasal nouns. -


1. - S - H -

Phrasal verbs: a definition.

1. Phrasal verbs are verbs that consist of a verb and a particle (a preposition or adverb) or a verb and two particles (an adverb and a preposition).
2. They are identified by their grammar, but it is best to think of them as individual vocabulary items, to be learnt in phrases or chunks.
3. They often have a one-word equivalent.
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Grammar of phrasal verbs

An old hotel
1. Some phrasal verbs take an object: transitive.
2. Others do not take an object: intransitive.
3. Transitive:
3.1 They’re knocking down the old hotel.
3.2 The plumber soon sorted out the shower problem.
3.3 She tied her hair back so he could work better.
4. Intransitive: The path branched of to the river.
5.
6. Cover: She always felt overshadowed by her older, more successful, sister.
7. Cross: He overstepped the mark when he said that.
8. Will you be staying overnight?
9. Under- may indicate less than the desidered amount (a), or something below another thing (b), or some kind of negative behaviour (c).
10. Less: Don’t underestimate the time it will take.
A door
11. Less: The company is seriously understaffed.
12. Below: It’s quiet wet underfoot? Did it rain last night?
13. Below: The underlying question is a very difficult one.
14. Negative: I wish you would not undermine everything I do.
15. Negative: He did it a very in a very underhand way.
16. Up- can suggest a change of some kind, often positive.
17. The airline upgraded me to businnes class.
18. There has been an upturn in the economy.
19. Cross- (from across) usually indicates a link between two separated things.
20. Cross-border cooperation has led to a number of arrests of drug smugglers.
21. Cross-cultural misunderstanding often happen.




3. - S - H -

Phrasal nouns

A drink
1. Like phrasal verbs, phrasal nouns consist of a verb combined with a particle.
2. The particle may come before or after the verb.
3.
4. Jack invited me out: let’s go out together.
5. Rosie invited me in: Please come in!
6. Jil invited me over: Come to our place.
7. Paul invited me round: Come to my house for dinner or a drink.
8. Mark invited me up: come upstairs to my flat.
9. Susie invited me along: come with us!
10. Bill invited me back: come back home with me.
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